Таблица английских времен с примерами и переводом!

Tense

Use

Example

Time indicators

1. Present Simple

(простое настоящее)

well-known facts, regular activities, actions repeated time after time

She goes abroad every summer (Она ездит за границу каждое лето)

often, every day, seldom, sometimes, rarely, regularly, every year, etc.

2. Present Continuous (настоящее длительное)

something is in progress

I‘m reading a new novel this week (На этой неделе я читаю новый роман)

now, at the moment, this week, this month, etc.

3. Present Perfect Simple (настоящее совершенное)

smth happened but result is important, not concrete time. The action is connected with present somehow.

Smth happened in the past but we see & talk about the results now. 

I have read this book before (Я читал эту книгу раньше)

I have met him today (Я встретил его сегодня)

already, just, yet, recently, today, this year, this week

4. Present Perfect Continuous (настоящее совершенное длительное время)

The action started in the past and is still going on now or has just finished.

I have been writing this essay for 2 hours already (Я пишу это эссе уже 2 часа)

I have known him for ages (Я знаю его целую вечность)

for, since

NB! If the verb cannot be used in Continuous, apply Present Perfect Simple

5. Past Simple (простое прошедшее)

actions happened in the past and we know when.

When I was a child, I ate a lot of vegetables (Когда я был ребёнком, я ел много овощей)

yesterday, the day before, last Monday, in 1991, etc.

6. Past Continuous  (прошедшее длительное)

the action was going on at a concrete moment in the past. We want to stress the process.

She was reading a book when I phoned her (Она читала книгу, когда я ей позвонила)

at 5 p.m. yesterday, at this time last Monday, etc.

7. Past Perfect  (прошедшее совершенное время, предпрошедшее время)

the action happened before one more event in the past

I had forgotten to ask him that question before I left (Я забыл задать ему тот вопрос перед уходом)

before, after, etc.

8. Past Perfect Continuous (прошедшее совершенное длительное время)

shows that some process was going on before the action in the past.

I had been watching TV before you came (Я смотрел телевизор, перед тем как ты пришел)

before, since

9. Future Simple (простое будущее)

decisions taken at the moment of speech, promises, repeated actions in the future

I will always love you (Я всегда буду тебя любить)

always, later, when I arrive, next year, next month, etc.

10. Present Continuous (for future)

smth is going to happen in the nearest future. You have the verb of movement and concrete info as for the time or day.

They‘re leaving for Paris today (Они уезжают сегодня в Париж)

today, tomorrow, tonight, this Monday, etc.

11. to be going to (for future)

smth will happen from your point of view. You are not sure if it is going to happen. For talking about weather.

It is going to rain (Собирается дождь) Look out! You are going to fall (Осторожно! Ты упадёшь)

today, tomorrow, some day, in some time, next week, year, etc.

12. Future Perfect (будущее совершенное)

The action will happen by concrete time in the future.

I will have finished the project by the time you come (Я завершу проект к тому времени, как ты придёшь).

by the time you…, by this time tomorrow, by 6 p.m. tomorrow, etc.